What measures are typically used to protect patient information from unauthorized access?

The use of firewalls and passwords is crucial in protecting patient information from unauthorized access. Firewalls serve as a barrier between secure internal networks and potential threats from the outside. They control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules, effectively preventing unauthorized users from accessing sensitive information.

Passwords add another layer of security by ensuring that only individuals with the correct credentials can access specific systems or data. This means that even if an unauthorized person attempts to penetrate the firewall, they would still be unable to breach the system without the proper password.

In the context of patient information, which is particularly sensitive and regulated under laws like HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), employing these methods is essential to maintain confidentiality and ensure compliance with legal standards. The combination of firewalls and secure passwords creates a robust defense against data breaches and cyber threats, making this option the most effective measure listed.