What is the primary composition of biofilm in dentistry?

The primary composition of biofilm in dentistry is plaque. Biofilm refers to a structured community of microbial cells embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix, which is predominantly composed of bacterial cells. In the context of dentistry, this biofilm commonly manifests as dental plaque, a soft, sticky film that forms on the surfaces of teeth and is composed primarily of bacteria, along with polysaccharides and other organic materials.

Dental plaque is significant because it plays a crucial role in the development of dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal diseases. The accumulation of biofilm leads to the proliferation of harmful bacteria that produce acids harmful to tooth enamel and contribute to inflammation of the gums. Understanding plaque as the main component of biofilm emphasizes its importance in oral hygiene practices aimed at preventing dental diseases through regular brushing and flossing to disrupt the biofilm formation.

Other components like fluoride can be beneficial for teeth and can help in the prevention of decay when incorporated in toothpaste, blood is not a primary component of dental biofilm, and while saliva contains various antimicrobial substances and contributes to the overall oral environment, it is not the composition of biofilm itself. Thus, emphasizing plaque recognizes the specific bacterial community responsible for many oral health issues.